2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Xanthine Oxidase

Xanthine Oxidase

XO

Xanthine Oxidase

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Xanthine oxidase (XO), a versatile molybdoflavoprotein, catalyzes the oxidative hydroxylation of purine substrates (hypoxanthine and xanthine) to produce uric acid and subsequent reduction of oxygen at the flavin center with the generation of reactive oxygen species, either superoxide anion radical or hydrogen peroxide.

Xanthine oxidase is an important enzyme of purine catabolism pathway and has been associated directly in pathogenesis of gout and indirectly in many pathological conditions like cancer, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. The selective inhibition of xanthine oxidase may result in a broad spectrum therapeutic use for gout, cancer, inflammation and oxidative damage.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N1547
    Prudomestin
    		Inhibitor 98.41%
    Prudomestin, isolated from the heartwood of Prunus domestica, shows potent xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity (IC50≈6 µM).
    Prudomestin
  • HY-144303
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-4
    		Inhibitor
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-4 (compound 19a) is an orally active and potent xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.039 μM. Xanthine oxidase-IN-4 exhibits hypouricemic potency in potassium oxonate induced hyperuricemia rats. Xanthine oxidase-IN-4 can be used for hyperuricemia and gout research.
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-4
  • HY-N0358R
    1,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    1,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (Standard) (1,4-DCQA (Standard)) is the analytical standard of 1,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (HY-N0358). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 1,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (1,4-DCQA) is a phenylpropanoid compound that can be isolated from Xanthii fructus and an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (IC50: 7.36 μM). 1,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid has anti-inflammatory activity and can inhibit the production of TNF-α induced by LPS (HY-D1056).
    1,4-Dicaffeoylquinic acid (Standard)
  • HY-B0219S1
    Allopurinol-13C,15N2
    Allopurinol-13C,15N2 is the 13C- and 15N-labeled labeled Allopurinol (HY-B0219). Allopurinol is a potent and orally active xanthine oxidase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.2-50 μM. Allopurinol can be used in the research of hyperuricemia and gout. Allopurinol decreases the expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α protein. Allopurinol shows anti-depressant and anti-nociception activity. Anti-leishmanial effect.
    Allopurinol-<sup>13</sup>C,<sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-116694
    Digallic acid
    		Inhibitor
    Digallic acid is an antioxidant, antimutagenic, antigenotoxic, and anti-hyperuricemic compound. Digallic acid is a reverse transcriptase and XOD, URAT1 (IC50: 5.34 μM) inhibitor. Digallic acid scavenges DPPH· and O2·− radicals. Digallic acid induces apoptosis. Digallic acid can be isolated from the fruits of Pistascia lentiscus.
    Digallic acid
  • HY-N10108
    Protosappanin A dimethyl acetal
    		Inhibitor
    Protosappanin A dimethyl acetal is a homoisoflavonoid. Protosappanin A dimethyl acetal can be isolated from Caesalpinia sappan. Protosappanin A dimethyl acetal is also a competive inhibitor with significant xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity (IC50=50.7 μM).
    Protosappanin A dimethyl acetal
  • HY-113978R
    6-Formylpterin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    6-Formylpterin (Standard) is the analytical standard of 6-Formylpterin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 6-Formylpterin is an inhibitor of Xanthine Oxidase. 6-Formylpterin induces intracellular ROS generation and apoptosis in HL-60 cells. 6-Formylpterin suppresses cell proliferation in PanC-1 cells.
    6-Formylpterin (Standard)
  • HY-161514
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-15
    		Inhibitor
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-15 (Compound 6c) is a selective inhibitor of Xanthine oxidase (XO) (IC50=0.13 μM). Xanthine oxidase-IN-15 inhibits XO catalysis by forming a stable interaction with the active site of XO. Xanthine oxidase-IN-15 is mainly used in the study of hyperuricemia and gout.
    Xanthine oxidase-IN-15
  • HY-12136R
    Purpurogallin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Purpurogallin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Purpurogallin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Purpurogallin is a naturally phenol extracted from the plants of Quercus spp, has potent xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 0.2 μM. Purpurogallin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
    Purpurogallin (Standard)
  • HY-N0823R
    Lithospermic acid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Lithospermic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lithospermic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lithospermic acid ((+)-Lithospermic acid) is a plant-derived polycyclic phenolic carboxylic acid isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, and has the anti-oxidative and hepatoprotective activity on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver damage in vitro and in vivo.
    Lithospermic acid (Standard)
  • HY-14268S2
    Febuxostat-d3
    		Inhibitor
    Febuxostat-d3 (TEI 6720-d3) is deuterium labeled Febuxostat. Febuxostat (TEI 6720) is a potent, selective and non-purine xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor with a Ki value of 0.6 nM. Febuxostat has the potential for the research of hyperuricemia and gout.
    Febuxostat-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-123383
    Renierol
    		Inhibitor
    Renierol is an orally active xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor. Renierol has urate-lowering activity.
    Renierol
  • HY-N4136R
    Lonicerin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Lonicerin (Standard) (Veronicastroside (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Lonicerin (HY-N4136). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lonicerin is a flavonoid with multiple biological activities. Lonicerin inhibits xanthine oxidase with an IC50 of 37.4 µg/mL. Lonicerin inhibits alginate secretion protein (AlgE). Lonicerin inhibits P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. Lonicerin has anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, antioxidant, antifungal, anti-bacterial, and neuroprotective properties.
    Lonicerin (Standard)
  • HY-N2472R
    Medicagenic acid (Standard)
    Medicagenic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Medicagenic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Medicagenic acid (Castanogenin) is isolated from the roots of Herniaria glabra, exhibits potent fungistatic effects against several plant pathogens and human dermatophytes. Medicagenic acid (Castanogenin) has low enzyme inhibitory activities, the target enzymes are xanthine oxidase, collagenase, elastase, tyrosinase, ChE.
    Medicagenic acid (Standard)
  • HY-N14414
    5-Hydroxy-3,4,7-triphenyl-2,6-benzofurandione
    		Inhibitor
    5-Hydroxy-3,4,7-triphenyl-2,6-benzofurandione is a xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor found in Peniophora sanguinea.
    5-Hydroxy-3,4,7-triphenyl-2,6-benzofurandione
  • HY-N1547R
    Prudomestin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Prudomestin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Prudomestin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Prudomestin, isolated from the heartwood of Prunus domestica, shows potent xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity (IC50≈6?μM).
    Prudomestin (Standard)
  • HY-D0837R
    Imidazole (Standard)
    Imidazole (Standard) is the analytical standard of Imidazole. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Imidazole (Glyoxaline; 1,3-Diaza-2,4-cyclopentadiene) is a heterocyclic aromatic compound. Imidazole bearing molecules have been used as corrosion, acetylcholinesterase (AChEI) and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors, performing biological activities such as antifungal, antituberculosis, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic, amongst many others. Imidazole inhibits the enzymatic conversion of the endoperoxides (PGG2 and PGH2) to thromboxane A2 by platelet microsomes. Imidazole derivatives exhibits inhibition on SARS-CoV-2 3CLPro enzyme, which is promising for research in the field of Alzheimer’s disease, gout, COVID-19 and thrombo-embolic disease.
    Imidazole (Standard)
  • HY-N0814B
    Phytic acid hexasodium
    Phytic acid (Inositol hexaphosphate) hexasodium is a phosphorus storage compound of seeds and cereal grains. Phytic acid hexasodium has a strong ability to chelate multivalent metal ions, specially zinc, calcium, iron and as with protein residue. Phytic acid hexasodium inhibits the enzymatic superoxide source xanthine oxidase (XO), and has antioxidative, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory effects.
    Phytic acid hexasodium
  • HY-B1135R
    Benzbromarone (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Benzbromarone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Benzbromarone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Benzbromarone is an orally active anti-gout agent. Benzbromarone has anti-infammatory, anti-oxidative stress and nephroprotective effects. Benzbromarone can be used for the research of hyperuricemia and gout.
    Benzbromarone (Standard)
  • HY-14268S3
    Febuxostat-d5
    Febuxostat-d5 (TEI 6720-d5) is deuterium labeled Febuxostat. Febuxostat (TEI 6720) is a potent, selective and non-purine xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor with a Ki value of 0.6 nM. Febuxostat has the potential for the research of hyperuricemia and gout.
    Febuxostat-d<sub>5</sub>
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity